In NLP and ML venues, last author typically denotes the senior/PI position; first author is the lead executor (often a student I supervise). In cardiology, food science, and human genetics, the author position has different meanings — typically lead author is the primary investigator and middle authors contribute data, methods, or analysis.
Selected
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
MazeEval: a benchmark for testing sequential decision-making in language models
Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fifteenth language resources and evaluation conference (LREC 2026) · 2026
MazeEval is a benchmark for testing sequential decision-making in
language models through navigation tasks in procedurally generated
mazes. The setup probes whether models can maintain a coherent
internal map across multiple turns of interaction rather than
relying on local pattern matching. Single-author paper published at
LREC 2026.
@inproceedings{einarsson2025mazeeval,
title={{MazeEval}: A Benchmark for Testing Sequential Decision-Making in Language Models},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
pages={407--418},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Curated retrieval versus open web search in public AI information services: a coverage-trust trade-off
Einarsson, H., Einarsson, H. B., Ólafsson, J. G., Þorsteinsson, J. G. · arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.05217 · 2026
A pre-launch expert evaluation of Evrópuvefur, a government-funded
University of Iceland service that answers questions about the
European Union, conducted as Iceland prepared for its August 2026
referendum on resuming EU accession talks. Five domain experts
produced 551 evaluations of 449 AI-generated answers, comparing a
curated local corpus (RAG) against open web search: web search
answered more questions but flagged an untrustworthy or irrelevant
source in 35% of answers, while the curated corpus was trustworthy
yet limited in coverage. Argues that source trustworthiness is a
measurable but largely invisible dimension of information quality
in public AI services. First-author arXiv preprint.
@article{einarsson2026curated,
title={Curated retrieval versus open web search in public {AI} information services: a coverage-trust trade-off},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn Birgir and {\'O}lafsson, J{\'o}n Gunnar and {\TH}orsteinsson, J{\'o}n Gunnar},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.05217},
year={2026}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Temporal aggregation of vision-language features for high-accuracy fish classification in automated monitoring
Silva Martins, J. R., Bárðarson, H., Guðbrandsson, J., Einarsson, H. · Ecological Informatics · 2025
Aggregates temporal vision-language features from underwater video
to classify fish species in automated monitoring streams,
combining per-frame embeddings with temporal pooling to handle the
noise and occlusion that limit frame-by-frame classifiers in
deployed systems. Published in Ecological Informatics (2025) as
part of the lab's ongoing computer-vision work with the Marine
and Freshwater Research Institute.
@article{da2025temporal,
title={Temporal aggregation of vision-language features for high-accuracy fish classification in automated monitoring},
author={da Silva Martins, Jo{\~a}o Rodrigo and B{\'a}r{\dh}arson, Hlynur and Gu{\dh}brandsson, J{\'o}hannes and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Ecological Informatics},
volume={92},
pages={103462},
year={2025},
doi={10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103462},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
FoQA: A Faroese question-answering dataset
Simonsen, A., Nielsen, D. S., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the third workshop on resources and representations for under-resourced languages and domains (RESOURCEFUL-2025) · 2025
Introduces FoQA, the first dedicated question-answering dataset for
Faroese, with extractive and generative variants. The dataset is
constructed via translation and adaptation of existing QA
benchmarks combined with native-speaker validation, and is
accompanied by baseline evaluations of multilingual and Faroese-
tuned language models. Establishes a reference benchmark for
Faroese reading comprehension. RESOURCEFUL 2025 (NoDaLiDa
co-located workshop).
@inproceedings{simonsen2025foqa,
title={FoQA: A Faroese question-answering dataset},
author={Simonsen, Annika and Nielsen, Dan Saattrup and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Resources and Representations for Under-Resourced Languages and Domains (RESOURCEFUL-2025)},
pages={48--57},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Application of ChatGPT for automated problem reframing across academic domains
Einarsson, H., Lund, S. H., Jónsdóttir, A. H. · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · 2024
Studies the use of ChatGPT for automated problem reframing in
academic settings, where the same underlying task is rewritten as a
series of alternative problem statements to support student
learning and assessment design. Reports on prompting strategies,
quality control, and human evaluation across multiple academic
domains. First-author paper in Computers and Education: Artificial
Intelligence; one of the early systematic studies of generative AI
in higher-education problem authoring.
@article{einarsson2024application,
title={Application of ChatGPT for automated problem reframing across academic domains},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Lund, Sigr{\'u}n Helga and J{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, Anna Helga},
journal={Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence},
volume={6},
pages={100194},
year={2024},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Gendered grammar or ingrained bias? exploring gender bias in Icelandic language models
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 2024 joint international conference on computational linguistics, language resources and evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024) · 2024
Investigates whether observed gender bias in Icelandic language
models reflects grammatical gender or socially ingrained bias.
Designs probing tasks that disentangle grammatical agreement from
stereotypical role associations, and evaluates several open-source
Icelandic LMs (including the IceBERT and GPT-SW3 lines). Finds
consistent stereotype-aligned bias beyond what grammar predicts.
LREC-COLING 2024.
@inproceedings{fridhriksdottir2024gendered,
title={Gendered grammar or ingrained bias? exploring gender bias in Icelandic language models},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)},
pages={7596--7610},
year={2024}
}
Clinical AI
Applications of BERT models towards automation of clinical coding in icelandic
Hauksson, H. O., Einarsson, H. · Findings of the association for computational linguistics: NAACL 2024 · 2024
Applies BERT-style models to automate ICD-10 clinical coding in
Icelandic hospital records, treating coding as a hierarchical
multi-label classification problem. Combines an Icelandic clinical
pre-training corpus with multi-task fine-tuning and reports
substantial improvements over rule-based and shallow-classifier
baselines. The work was awarded the University of Iceland Science
Award. Published in Findings of NAACL 2024.
@inproceedings{hauksson2024applications,
title={Applications of BERT Models Towards Automation of Clinical Coding in Icelandic},
author={Hauksson, Haraldur Orri and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024},
pages={1956--1967},
year={2024}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Efficient development of gait classification models for five-gaited horses based on mobile phone sensors
Davíðsson, H. B., Rees, T., Ólafsdóttir, M. R., Einarsson, H. · Animals · 2023
Gait-classification models for five-gaited Icelandic horses built
from accelerometer time series recorded by smartphones mounted on
the horse. Uses LSTM and GRU architectures with attention to model
size and on-device inference cost, showing that compact recurrent
models reach near-expert accuracy without specialised hardware.
Published in Animals (MDPI, 2023).
@article{davidhsson2023efficient,
title={Efficient development of gait classification models for five-gaited horses based on mobile phone sensors},
author={Dav{\'\i}{\dh}sson, Haraldur B and Rees, Torben and {\'O}lafsd{\'o}ttir, Marta Rut and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Animals},
volume={13},
number={1},
pages={183},
year={2023},
publisher={MDPI}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Otolith age determination with a simple computer vision based few-shot learning method
Sigurðardóttir, A. R., Sverrisson, Þ., Jónsdóttir, A., Gudjonsdottir, M., Elvarsson, B. Þ., Einarsson, H. · Ecological Informatics · 2023
Few-shot computer-vision method for fish-age determination from
otolith images. The pipeline combines a lightweight feature
extractor with a few-shot classifier, achieving accuracy comparable
to expert age readings while requiring only a handful of labelled
examples per age class. Demonstrated on Atlantic cod otoliths and
designed to lower the cost of routine stock-assessment work at
fisheries laboratories. Published in Ecological Informatics.
@article{sigurdhardottir2023otolith,
title={Otolith age determination with a simple computer vision based few-shot learning method},
author={Sigur{\dh}ard{\'o}ttir, Andrea Rakel and Sverrisson, {\TH}{\'o}r and J{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, A{\dh}albj{\"o}rg and Gudjonsdottir, Maria and Elvarsson, Bjarki {\TH}{\'o}r and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Ecological Informatics},
volume={76},
pages={102046},
year={2023},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
A warm start and a clean crawled corpus-a recipe for good language models
Snæbjarnarson, V., Símonarson, H. B., Ragnarsson, P. O., Ingólfsdóttir, S. L., Jónsson, H., Þorsteinsson, V., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the thirteenth language resources and evaluation conference · 2022
Foundational paper for the Icelandic language-model line at the
University of Iceland / Miðeind. Demonstrates that warm-starting a
Transformer encoder from multilingual weights and continuing
pre-training on a carefully cleaned Icelandic web corpus yields
strong downstream performance with far less compute than training
from scratch. The cleaned crawl and the IceBERT model released
alongside the paper became the basis for much of the subsequent
Icelandic NLP work in this collection. LREC 2022.
@inproceedings{snaebjarnarson2022warm,
title={A warm start and a clean crawled corpus-a recipe for good language models},
author={Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and S{\'\i}monarson, Haukur Barri and Ragnarsson, P{\'e}tur Orri and Ing{\'o}lfsd{\'o}ttir, Svanhv{\'\i}t Lilja and J{\'o}nsson, Haukur and {\TH}orsteinsson, Vilhj{\'a}lmur and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the thirteenth language resources and evaluation conference},
pages={4356--4366},
year={2022}
}
All publications
NLP for Icelandic and Germanic languages
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
MazeEval: a benchmark for testing sequential decision-making in language models
Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fifteenth language resources and evaluation conference (LREC 2026) · 2026
MazeEval is a benchmark for testing sequential decision-making in
language models through navigation tasks in procedurally generated
mazes. The setup probes whether models can maintain a coherent
internal map across multiple turns of interaction rather than
relying on local pattern matching. Single-author paper published at
LREC 2026.
@inproceedings{einarsson2025mazeeval,
title={{MazeEval}: A Benchmark for Testing Sequential Decision-Making in Language Models},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
pages={407--418},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Self-assigned Bloom levels and difficulty labels of LLM-generated exam items: agreement with human raters, cold model ratings and student performance
Einarsson, H., Sverrisdóttir, R. M., Einarsson, G., Guðmundsson, S., Lund, S. H. · Proceedings of the IADIS international conference on cognition and exploratory learning in the digital age (CELDA 2026) · 2026
Compares the Bloom levels and difficulty labels that an LLM assigns to
its own exam items with human raters, separate "cold" model ratings and
student performance. Self-assigned labels describe the request rather
than the item. Accepted at CELDA 2026.
@inproceedings{einarsson2026bloom,
title={Self-assigned {Bloom} levels and difficulty labels of {LLM}-generated exam items: agreement with human raters, cold model ratings and student performance},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Sverrisd{\'o}ttir, Ragna Mar{\'\i}a and Einarsson, Gu{\dh}mundur and Gu{\dh}mundsson, Steinn and Lund, Sigr{\'u}n Helga},
booktitle={Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2026)},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Cross-lingual mathematical reasoning in LLMs: Evaluating performance on Icelandic vs. English problems
Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fourth workshop on resources and representations for under-resourced languages and domains (RESOURCEFUL-2026) · 2026
Compares large-language-model mathematical reasoning on Icelandic
versus English versions of the same problems, isolating the language
gap from the reasoning task. RESOURCEFUL 2026.
@inproceedings{einarsson2026crosslingual,
title={Cross-Lingual Mathematical Reasoning in {LLMs}: Evaluating Performance on {Icelandic} vs. {English} Problems},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Resources and Representations for Under-Resourced Languages and Domains (RESOURCEFUL-2026)},
pages={89--95},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Curated retrieval versus open web search in public AI information services: a coverage-trust trade-off
Einarsson, H., Einarsson, H. B., Ólafsson, J. G., Þorsteinsson, J. G. · arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.05217 · 2026
A pre-launch expert evaluation of Evrópuvefur, a government-funded
University of Iceland service that answers questions about the
European Union, conducted as Iceland prepared for its August 2026
referendum on resuming EU accession talks. Five domain experts
produced 551 evaluations of 449 AI-generated answers, comparing a
curated local corpus (RAG) against open web search: web search
answered more questions but flagged an untrustworthy or irrelevant
source in 35% of answers, while the curated corpus was trustworthy
yet limited in coverage. Argues that source trustworthiness is a
measurable but largely invisible dimension of information quality
in public AI services. First-author arXiv preprint.
@article{einarsson2026curated,
title={Curated retrieval versus open web search in public {AI} information services: a coverage-trust trade-off},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn Birgir and {\'O}lafsson, J{\'o}n Gunnar and {\TH}orsteinsson, J{\'o}n Gunnar},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.05217},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Icelandic Math Eval: a competitive mathematics benchmark for large language models
Einarsson, H., Haraldsson, J. A., Derayat, Í. A., Lund, S. H., Magnússon, B. S. · Proceedings of the fifteenth language resources and evaluation conference (LREC 2026) · 2026
A competitive-mathematics benchmark for large language models in
Icelandic, built from national maths-competition problems, measuring
reasoning rather than translation. LREC 2026.
@inproceedings{einarsson2026icelandicmath,
title={{Icelandic Math Eval}: A Competitive Mathematics Benchmark for Large Language Models},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Haraldsson, J{\"o}kull Ari and Derayat, {\'I}var Armin and Lund, Sigr{\'u}n Helga and Magn{\'u}sson, Benedikt Steinar},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
pages={393--406},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Validating LLM-generated exam questions against student performance
Einarsson, H., Lund, S. H. · Proceedings of the IADIS international conference on cognition and exploratory learning in the digital age (CELDA 2026) · 2026
Validates LLM-generated multiple-choice exam questions against the
performance of students who sat them in a graded university exam.
Self-assigned difficulty labels predicted performance only weakly,
and generated items still needed expert review. Accepted at CELDA 2026.
@inproceedings{einarsson2026validating,
title={Validating {LLM}-Generated Exam Questions Against Student Performance},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Lund, Sigr{\'u}n Helga},
booktitle={Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2026)},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
BRAGD: Constrained multi-label POS tagging for Faroese
Simonsen, A., Scalvini, B., Johannesen, U., Debess, I. N., Einarsson, H., Snæbjarnarson, V. · Proceedings of the fifteenth language resources and evaluation conference (LREC 2026) · 2026
A constrained multi-label part-of-speech tagger for Faroese that
enforces valid morphological feature combinations at decoding time.
LREC 2026.
@inproceedings{simonsen2026bragd,
title={{BRAGD}: Constrained Multi-Label {POS} Tagging for {Faroese}},
author={Simonsen, Annika and Scalvini, Barbara and Johannesen, Uni and Debess, Iben Nyholm and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
pages={11650--11668},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Entity linking for Faroese using large language models with web search
Simonsen, A., Debess, I. N., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fourth workshop on resources and representations for under-resourced languages and domains (RESOURCEFUL-2026) · 2026
Entity linking for Faroese using large language models augmented with
web search, addressing the sparse knowledge-base coverage of a
low-resource language. RESOURCEFUL 2026.
@inproceedings{simonsen2026entitylinking,
title={Entity Linking for {Faroese} Using Large Language Models with Web Search},
author={Simonsen, Annika and Debess, Iben Nyholm and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Resources and Representations for Under-Resourced Languages and Domains (RESOURCEFUL-2026)},
pages={32--43},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Reformulate and create, don't translate: Creating natural prompts for underserved languages
Simonsen, A., Stenlund, M., Bungum, L., Volhardt, M. D. S., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fifteenth language resources and evaluation conference (LREC 2026) · 2026
Argues for reformulating and authoring prompts natively rather than
translating them, yielding more natural evaluation data for
underserved languages. LREC 2026.
@inproceedings{simonsen2026reformulate,
title={Reformulate and Create, Don't Translate: Creating Natural Prompts for Underserved Languages},
author={Simonsen, Annika and Stenlund, Mathias and Bungum, Lars and Volhardt, Marc Dan{\'i}el Skipsta{\dh} and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
pages={10735--10749},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Synthetic instruction generation for low-resource Nordic languages: Viability and limitations in LLM instruction-tuning
Stenlund, M., Simonsen, A., Bungum, L., Ebert, J., Wang, J., Filatov, O., Myneni, H., Riedel, M., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fifteenth language resources and evaluation conference (LREC 2026) · 2026
Examines when synthetic instruction data helps instruction-tuning for
low-resource Nordic languages, and where it breaks down. LREC 2026.
@inproceedings{stenlund2026synthetic,
title={Synthetic Instruction Generation for Low-Resource {Nordic} Languages: Viability and Limitations in {LLM} Instruction-Tuning},
author={Stenlund, Mathias and Simonsen, Annika and Bungum, Lars and Ebert, Jan and Wang, Jiangtao and Filatov, Oleg and Myneni, Hemanadhan and Riedel, Morris and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
pages={10688--10698},
year={2026}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Wikiqa-is: Assisted benchmark generation and automated evaluation of icelandic cultural knowledge in llms
Arnardóttir, Þ., Einarsson, E. B., Juto, G. I., Helgason, T. P., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the third workshop on resources and representations for under-resourced languages and domains (RESOURCEFUL-2025) · 2025
Introduces WikiQA-IS, an LLM-assisted benchmark for evaluating
Icelandic cultural knowledge in language models, with automated
evaluation protocols. RESOURCEFUL 2025.
@inproceedings{arnardottir2025wikiqa,
title={Wikiqa-is: Assisted benchmark generation and automated evaluation of icelandic cultural knowledge in llms},
author={Arnard{\'o}ttir, {\TH}{\'o}runn and Einarsson, El{\'\i}as Bjartur and Juto, Gar{\dh}ar Ingvarsson and Helgason, Thorvaldur P{\'a}ll and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Resources and Representations for Under-Resourced Languages and Domains (RESOURCEFUL-2025)},
pages={64--73},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Global piqa: Evaluating physical commonsense reasoning across 100+ languages and cultures
Chang, T. A., Arnett, C., Eldesokey, A., Sadallah, A., Kashar, A., Daud, A., Olanihun, A. G., Mohammed, A. L., Praise, A., Sharma, A. M., others, · arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.24081 · 2025
Co-authored contribution (Icelandic subset) to Global PIQA, a
physical-commonsense reasoning benchmark spanning 100+ languages
and cultures. arXiv preprint.
@article{chang2025global,
title={Global piqa: Evaluating physical commonsense reasoning across 100+ languages and cultures},
author={Chang, Tyler A and Arnett, Catherine and Eldesokey, Abdelrahman and Sadallah, Abdelrahman and Kashar, Abeer and Daud, Abolade and Olanihun, Abosede Grace and Mohammed, Adamu Labaran and Praise, Adeyemi and Sharma, Adhikarinayum Meerajita and others},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.24081},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Proceedings of the 1st workshop on nordic-baltic responsible evaluation and alignment of language models (NB-REAL 2025)
Einarsson, H., Simonsen, A., Nielsen, D. S. · Proceedings of the 1st workshop on nordic-baltic responsible evaluation and alignment of language models (NB-REAL 2025) · 2025
Edited proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Nordic-Baltic Responsible
Evaluation and Alignment of Language Models (NB-REAL 2025),
co-located with NoDaLiDa/Baltic-HLT 2025.
@inproceedings{einarsson2025proceedings,
title={Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Nordic-Baltic Responsible Evaluation and Alignment of Language Models (NB-REAL 2025)},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Simonsen, Annika and Nielsen, Dan Saattrup},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Nordic-Baltic Responsible Evaluation and Alignment of Language Models (NB-REAL 2025)},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Hotter and colder: a new approach to annotating sentiment, emotions, and bias in icelandic blog comments
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Nielsen, D. S., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the joint 25th nordic conference on computational linguistics and 11th baltic conference on human language technologies (NoDaLiDa/baltic-HLT 2025) · 2025
Companion paper for the Hotter and Colder Icelandic sentiment
dataset, describing the annotation methodology for sentiment,
emotions, and bias in Icelandic blog comments. NoDaLiDa / Baltic-HLT
2025.
@inproceedings{fridhriksdottir2025hotter,
title={Hotter and Colder: A New Approach to Annotating Sentiment, Emotions, and Bias in Icelandic Blog Comments},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Nielsen, Dan Saattrup and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Joint 25th Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics and 11th Baltic Conference on Human Language Technologies (NoDaLiDa/Baltic-HLT 2025)},
pages={181--191},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Prompt engineering enhances Faroese MT, but only humans can tell
Scalvini, B., Simonsen, A., Debess, I. N., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the joint 25th nordic conference on computational linguistics and 11th baltic conference on human language technologies (NoDaLiDa/baltic-HLT 2025) · 2025
Shows that prompt engineering yields measurable improvements in
Faroese machine translation, but that automatic metrics fail to
capture them - human evaluation is required. NoDaLiDa / Baltic-HLT
2025.
@inproceedings{scalvini2025prompt,
title={Prompt engineering enhances Faroese MT, but only humans can tell},
author={Scalvini, Barbara and Simonsen, Annika and Debess, Iben Nyholm and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Joint 25th Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics and 11th Baltic Conference on Human Language Technologies (NoDaLiDa/Baltic-HLT 2025)},
pages={622--633},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Rethinking low-resource MT: the surprising effectiveness of fine-tuned multilingual models in the LLM age
Scalvini, B., Debess, I. N., Simonsen, A., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the joint 25th nordic conference on computational linguistics and 11th baltic conference on human language technologies (NoDaLiDa/baltic-HLT 2025) · 2025
Argues that fine-tuned multilingual NMT models remain surprisingly
competitive with large LLMs on low-resource translation, with
experiments on Faroese. NoDaLiDa / Baltic-HLT 2025.
@inproceedings{scalvini2025rethinking,
title={Rethinking low-resource MT: the surprising effectiveness of fine-tuned multilingual models in the LLM age},
author={Scalvini, Barbara and Debess, Iben Nyholm and Simonsen, Annika and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Joint 25th Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics and 11th Baltic Conference on Human Language Technologies (NoDaLiDa/Baltic-HLT 2025)},
pages={609--621},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Áskoranir og tækifæri með notkun gervigreindar í háskólastarfi: Raddir kennara og hlutverk háskóla. Frumrannsókn á viðhorfi og reynslu kennara við HÍ
Schram, Á. B., Jóhannesdóttir, S., Einarsson, H., Bjarnadóttir, M. K. · Menntakvika 2025: Ráðstefna í menntavísindum · 2025
Icelandic-language companion to the ICERI 2025 paper - a preliminary
study of University of Iceland teachers' attitudes and experience
with generative AI in higher education. Menntakvika 2025.
@inproceedings{schram2025askoranir,
title={{\'A}skoranir og t{\ae}kif{\ae}ri me{\dh} notkun gervigreindar {\'\i} h{\'a}sk{\'o}lastarfi: Raddir kennara og hlutverk h{\'a}sk{\'o}la. Frumranns{\'o}kn {\'a} vi{\dh}horfi og reynslu kennara vi{\dh} H{\'I}},
author={Schram, {\'A}sta Brynd{\'\i}s and J{\'o}hannesd{\'o}ttir, Sigurbj{\"o}rg and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Bjarnad{\'o}ttir, Mar{\'\i}a Krist{\'\i}n},
booktitle={Menntakvika 2025: R{\'a}{\dh}stefna {\'\i} menntav{\'\i}sindum},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Teachers'attitudes and perceptions of the usefulness of ai in academia: How should universities respond to a changing educational landscape?
Schram, Á., Jóhannesdóttir, S., Einarsson, H., Bjarnadóttir, M. K., Rogers, B. L. · ICERI2025 proceedings · 2025
Survey study of teachers' attitudes and perceptions of AI usefulness
in academia, asking how universities should respond to a changing
educational landscape. ICERI 2025 proceedings.
@inproceedings{schram2025teachers,
title={TEACHERS'ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE USEFULNESS OF AI IN ACADEMIA: HOW SHOULD UNIVERSITIES RESPOND TO A CHANGING EDUCATIONAL LANDSCAPE?},
author={Schram, {\'A}B and J{\'o}hannesd{\'o}ttir, Sigurbj{\"o}rg and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Bjarnad{\'o}ttir, Mar{\'\i}a Krist{\'\i}n and Rogers, Bethany Louise},
booktitle={ICERI2025 Proceedings},
pages={4563--4570},
year={2025},
organization={IATED}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
FoQA: A Faroese question-answering dataset
Simonsen, A., Nielsen, D. S., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the third workshop on resources and representations for under-resourced languages and domains (RESOURCEFUL-2025) · 2025
Introduces FoQA, the first dedicated question-answering dataset for
Faroese, with extractive and generative variants. The dataset is
constructed via translation and adaptation of existing QA
benchmarks combined with native-speaker validation, and is
accompanied by baseline evaluations of multilingual and Faroese-
tuned language models. Establishes a reference benchmark for
Faroese reading comprehension. RESOURCEFUL 2025 (NoDaLiDa
co-located workshop).
@inproceedings{simonsen2025foqa,
title={FoQA: A Faroese question-answering dataset},
author={Simonsen, Annika and Nielsen, Dan Saattrup and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Resources and Representations for Under-Resourced Languages and Domains (RESOURCEFUL-2025)},
pages={48--57},
year={2025}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Beyond error categories: A contextual approach of evaluating emerging spell and grammar checkers
Arnardóttir, Þ., Ingólfsdóttir, S. L., Símonarson, H. B., Einarsson, H., Ingason, A. K., Þorsteinsson, V. · Proceedings of the 3rd annual meeting of the special interest group on under-resourced languages@ LREC-COLING 2024 · 2024
Proposes a contextual evaluation methodology for emerging spell- and
grammar-checkers that goes beyond fixed error categories, applied to
Icelandic systems. SIGUL workshop at LREC-COLING 2024.
@inproceedings{arnardottir2024beyond,
title={Beyond error categories: A contextual approach of evaluating emerging spell and grammar checkers},
author={Arnard{\'o}ttir, {\TH}{\'o}runn and Ing{\'o}lfsd{\'o}ttir, Svanhv{\'\i}t Lilja and S{\'\i}monarson, Haukur Barri and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Ingason, Anton Karl and {\TH}orsteinsson, Vilhj{\'a}lmur},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Under-resourced Languages@ LREC-COLING 2024},
pages={45--52},
year={2024}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Icelandic GPT-SW3 for spell and grammar checking
Arnardóttir, Þ., Ingólfsdóttir, S. L., Ingvarsson Juto, G., Símonarson, H. B., Einarsson, H., Ingason, A. K., Þorsteinsson, V. · Miðeind ehf · 2024
Adapts the GPT-SW3 family of generative language models for
Icelandic spell- and grammar-checking, including dataset construction
and a fine-tuning protocol. Released by Miðeind ehf.
@article{arnardottir2024icelandic,
title={Icelandic GPT-SW3 for spell and grammar checking},
author={Arnard{\'o}ttir, {\TH}{\'o}runn and Ing{\'o}lfsd{\'o}ttir, Svanhv{\'\i}t Lilja and Ingvarsson Juto, Gar{\dh}ar and S{\'\i}monarson, Haukur Barri and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Ingason, Anton Karl and {\TH}orsteinsson, Vilhj{\'a}lmur},
year={2024},
publisher={Mi{\dh}eind ehf}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Good or bad news? Exploring GPT-4 for sentiment analysis for faroese on a public news corpora
Debess, I. N., Simonsen, A., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 2024 joint international conference on computational linguistics, language resources and evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024) · 2024
Evaluates GPT-4 for Faroese sentiment analysis on a public news
corpus, comparing prompting strategies and human judgement.
LREC-COLING 2024.
@inproceedings{debess2024good,
title={Good or bad news? Exploring GPT-4 for sentiment analysis for faroese on a public news corpora},
author={Debess, Iben Nyholm and Simonsen, Annika and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)},
pages={7814--7824},
year={2024}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Application of ChatGPT for automated problem reframing across academic domains
Einarsson, H., Lund, S. H., Jónsdóttir, A. H. · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · 2024
Studies the use of ChatGPT for automated problem reframing in
academic settings, where the same underlying task is rewritten as a
series of alternative problem statements to support student
learning and assessment design. Reports on prompting strategies,
quality control, and human evaluation across multiple academic
domains. First-author paper in Computers and Education: Artificial
Intelligence; one of the early systematic studies of generative AI
in higher-education problem authoring.
@article{einarsson2024application,
title={Application of ChatGPT for automated problem reframing across academic domains},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Lund, Sigr{\'u}n Helga and J{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, Anna Helga},
journal={Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence},
volume={6},
pages={100194},
year={2024},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Icelandic sentiment corpus (hotter and colder)
Einarsson, H., Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Arnardóttir, Þ. · Háskóli Íslands · 2024
Release of the Icelandic Sentiment Corpus "Hotter and Colder",
annotated for nuanced sentiment and adjacent labels in Icelandic
blog comments. Distributed via the University of Iceland.
@article{einarsson2024icelandic,
title={Icelandic Sentiment Corpus (Hotter and Colder)},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Arnard{\'o}ttir, {\TH}{\'o}runn},
year={2024},
publisher={H{\'a}sk{\'o}li {\'I}slands}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Gendered grammar or ingrained bias? exploring gender bias in Icelandic language models
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 2024 joint international conference on computational linguistics, language resources and evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024) · 2024
Investigates whether observed gender bias in Icelandic language
models reflects grammatical gender or socially ingrained bias.
Designs probing tasks that disentangle grammatical agreement from
stereotypical role associations, and evaluates several open-source
Icelandic LMs (including the IceBERT and GPT-SW3 lines). Finds
consistent stereotype-aligned bias beyond what grammar predicts.
LREC-COLING 2024.
@inproceedings{fridhriksdottir2024gendered,
title={Gendered grammar or ingrained bias? exploring gender bias in Icelandic language models},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)},
pages={7596--7610},
year={2024}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Ice and fire: Dataset on sentiment, emotions, toxicity, sarcasm, hate speech, sympathy and more in Icelandic blog comments
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Simonsen, A., Ásmundsson, A. S., Friðjónsdóttir, G. L., Ingason, A. K., Snæbjarnarson, V., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the fourth workshop on threat, aggression & cyberbullying@ LREC-COLING-2024 · 2024
Introduces Ice and Fire, a dataset of Icelandic blog comments
annotated for sentiment, emotions, toxicity, sarcasm, hate speech,
sympathy, and related labels. Workshop on Threat, Aggression &
Cyberbullying at LREC-COLING 2024.
@inproceedings{fridhriksdottir2024ice,
title={Ice and fire: Dataset on sentiment, emotions, toxicity, sarcasm, hate speech, sympathy and more in Icelandic blog comments},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Simonsen, Annika and {\'A}smundsson, Atli Sn{\ae}r and Fri{\dh}j{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, Gu{\dh}r{\'u}n Lilja and Ingason, Anton Karl and Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Threat, Aggression \& Cyberbullying@ LREC-COLING-2024},
pages={73--84},
year={2024}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Improving phrase structure parsing for icelandic
Kristjánsdóttir, I. J., Einarsson, H., Ingason, A. K. · 2024
Improves phrase-structure parsing for Icelandic with neural
architectures and additional training data. University of Iceland
technical report / preprint.
@article{kristjansdottir2024improving,
title={Improving Phrase Structure Parsing for Icelandic},
author={Kristj{\'a}nsd{\'o}ttir, Ingunn J{\'o}hanna and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Ingason, Anton Karl},
year={2024}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
A human perspective on GPT-4 translations: Analysing Faroese to English news and blog text translations
Simonsen, A., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 25th annual conference of the european association for machine translation (volume 1) · 2024
Human-centred analysis of GPT-4 translations between Faroese and
English, evaluating news and blog texts with native speakers.
EAMT 2024.
@inproceedings{simonsen2024human,
title={A human perspective on GPT-4 translations: Analysing Faroese to English news and blog text translations},
author={Simonsen, Annika and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (Volume 1)},
pages={24--36},
year={2024}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Effective entity disambiguation in low-resource languages: a study of icelandic
Eggertsson, V. Á., Jóhannesson, B. G., Einarsson, H., Loftsson, H. · 2023 IEEE/WIC international conference on web intelligence and intelligent agent technology (WI-IAT) · 2023
Examines effective entity disambiguation for low-resource languages
through an Icelandic case study, comparing retrieval-based and
encoder-based approaches. IEEE/WIC WI-IAT 2023.
@inproceedings{eggertsson2023effective,
title={Effective Entity Disambiguation in Low-Resource Languages: A Study of Icelandic},
author={Eggertsson, Valdimar {\'A}g{\'u}st and J{\'o}hannesson, Benedikt Geir and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Loftsson, Hrafn},
booktitle={2023 IEEE/WIC International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT)},
pages={318--324},
year={2023},
organization={IEEE}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
The effect of data encoding on relation triplet identification
Friðriksdóttir, S., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 24th nordic conference on computational linguistics (NoDaLiDa) · 2023
Studies how different input encodings affect relation-triplet
identification, with experiments comparing flat-text and
structure-aware representations. NoDaLiDa 2023.
@inproceedings{fridhriksdottir2023effect,
title={The Effect of Data Encoding on Relation Triplet Identification},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 24th Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics (NoDaLiDa)},
pages={500--507},
year={2023}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
GameQA: Gamified mobile app platform for building multiple-domain question-answering datasets
Skarphedinsson, N., Gudmundsson, B., Smari, S., Larusdottir, M. K., Einarsson, H., Khan, A., Nyberg, E., Loftsson, H. · Proceedings of the 17th conference of the european chapter of the association for computational linguistics: System demonstrations · 2023
Demos GameQA, a gamified mobile-app platform for collecting
multiple-domain question-answering datasets from crowd participants.
EACL 2023 System Demonstrations.
@inproceedings{skarphedinsson2023gameqa,
title={GameQA: Gamified mobile app platform for building multiple-domain question-answering datasets},
author={Skarphedinsson, Njall and Gudmundsson, Breki and Smari, Steinar and Larusdottir, Marta Kristin and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Khan, Abuzar and Nyberg, Eric and Loftsson, Hrafn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations},
pages={152--160},
year={2023}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Abstractive text summarization for Icelandic
Sverrisson, Þ., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 24th nordic conference on computational linguistics (NoDaLiDa) · 2023
Abstractive text summarization for Icelandic, exploring fine-tuning
of multilingual sequence-to-sequence models on a constructed
Icelandic news summarization corpus. NoDaLiDa 2023.
@inproceedings{sverrisson2023abstractive,
title={Abstractive text summarization for Icelandic},
author={Sverrisson, {\TH}{\'o}r and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 24th Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics (NoDaLiDa)},
pages={17--31},
year={2023}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Bootstrapping icelandic knowledge graph data
Einarsson, H., Friðriksdóttir, S. R. · ESSLLI · 2022
Proposes bootstrapping techniques for building Icelandic knowledge-
graph data from text, presented at the ESSLLI 2022 student session.
Fictionary-based games for language resource creation
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on novel incentives in data collection from people: models, implementations, challenges and results within LREC 2022 · 2022
Proposes fictionary-style games as a low-cost mechanism for
crowdsourcing language resources, with experiments on Icelandic.
Workshop on Novel Incentives in Data Collection at LREC 2022.
@inproceedings{fridhriksdottir2022fictionary,
title={Fictionary-Based Games for Language Resource Creation},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Novel Incentives in Data Collection from People: models, implementations, challenges and results within LREC 2022},
pages={25--31},
year={2022}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Friðriksdóttir & einarsson (2022), bootstrapping icelandic knowledge graph data
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Einarsson, H. · University of Amsterdam/Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences · 2022
Master's-style write-up of "Bootstrapping Icelandic Knowledge Graph
Data" (University of Amsterdam), a precursor to the ESSLLI
proceedings paper of the same title.
@article{fridhriksdottir2022fridhriksdottir,
title={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir \& Einarsson (2022), Bootstrapping Icelandic Knowledge Graph Data},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
year={2022},
publisher={University of Amsterdam/Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
MIM-GOLD-EL-entity linking corpus for Icelandic (22.01)
Friðriksdóttir, S. R., Daníelsson, H., Eggertsson, V., Jóhannesson, B. G., Loftsson, H., Einarsson, H. · University of Iceland · 2022
Release of MIM-GOLD-EL (version 22.01), an entity-linking corpus for
Icelandic built on top of the MIM-GOLD named-entity collection.
University of Iceland.
@article{fridhriksdottir2022mim,
title={MIM-GOLD-EL-entity linking corpus for Icelandic (22.01)},
author={Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Steinunn Rut and Dan{\'\i}elsson, Hjalti and Eggertsson, Valdimar and J{\'o}hannesson, Benedikt Geir and Loftsson, Hrafn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
year={2022},
publisher={University of Iceland}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Reykjavik university question-answering dataset 1 (RUQuAD-1)-version 22.02
Skarphéðinsson, N., Guðmundsson, B., Smári, S., Lárusdóttir, M., Einarsson, H., Kahn, A., Nyberg, E., Loftsson, H. · Reykjavik University · 2022
Release of RUQuAD-1 (version 22.02), the Reykjavik University
Question-Answering Dataset for Icelandic - a SQuAD-style reading
comprehension dataset collected through the GameQA mobile platform.
@article{skarphedhinsson2022reykjavik,
title={Reykjavik University Question-Answering Dataset 1 (RUQuAD-1)-version 22.02},
author={Skarph{\'e}{\dh}insson, Nj{\'a}ll and Gu{\dh}mundsson, Breki and Sm{\'a}ri, Steinar and L{\'a}rusd{\'o}ttir, Marta and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Kahn, Abuzar and Nyberg, Eric and Loftsson, Hrafn},
year={2022},
publisher={Reykjavik University}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Cross-lingual QA as a stepping stone for monolingual open QA in Icelandic
Snæbjarnarson, V., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the workshop on multilingual information access (MIA) · 2022
Uses cross-lingual question answering as a stepping stone for
monolingual open-domain QA in Icelandic, showing that English
retrieval+QA pipelines can be adapted with limited Icelandic
supervision. Workshop on Multilingual Information Access (MIA).
@inproceedings{snaebjarnarson2022cross,
title={Cross-lingual QA as a stepping stone for monolingual open QA in Icelandic},
author={Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Multilingual Information Access (MIA)},
pages={29--36},
year={2022}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Icelandic WinoGrande v1. 0
Snæbjarnarson, V., Símonarson, H. B., Ragnarsson, P. O., Ingólfsdóttir, S. L., Jónsson, H. P., Þorsteinsson, V., Einarsson, H. · Miðeind ehf · 2022
Icelandic WinoGrande v1.0 - an Icelandic adaptation of the WinoGrande
commonsense reasoning benchmark, intended for evaluating Icelandic
language models. Released by Miðeind ehf.
@article{snaebjarnarson2022icelandic,
title={Icelandic WinoGrande v1. 0},
author={Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and S{\'\i}monarson, Haukur Barri and Ragnarsson, P{\'e}tur Orri and Ing{\'o}lfsd{\'o}ttir, Svanhv{\'\i}t Lilja and J{\'o}nsson, Haukur P{\'a}ll and {\TH}orsteinsson, Vilhj{\'a}lmur and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
year={2022},
publisher={Mi{\dh}eind ehf}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Natural questions in icelandic
Snæbjarnarson, V., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the thirteenth language resources and evaluation conference · 2022
Introduces Natural Questions in Icelandic (NQiI), an open-domain
question answering dataset adapted from the English Natural
Questions benchmark. Published at LREC 2022.
@inproceedings{snaebjarnarson2022natural,
title={Natural questions in Icelandic},
author={Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference},
pages={4488--4496},
year={2022}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
NQiI v. 1.1
Snæbjarnarson, V., Einarsson, B. T. T., Auðunardóttir, I. I., Sæmundsson, U. I., Bjarnadóttir, H., Gunnarsson, H. V., Einarsson, H. · Háskóli Íslands · 2022
NQiI v1.1 dataset release - an updated version of the Icelandic
Natural Questions QA dataset with additional annotations. Distributed
via the University of Iceland.
@article{snaebjarnarson2022nqii,
title={NQiI v. 1.1},
author={Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and Einarsson, Bergur Tareq Tamimi and Au{\dh}unard{\'o}ttir, Ingibj{\"o}rg I{\dh}a and S{\ae}mundsson, Unnar Ingi and Bjarnad{\'o}ttir, Hildur and Gunnarsson, Helgi Valur and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
year={2022},
publisher={H{\'a}sk{\'o}li {\'I}slands}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
A warm start and a clean crawled corpus-a recipe for good language models
Snæbjarnarson, V., Símonarson, H. B., Ragnarsson, P. O., Ingólfsdóttir, S. L., Jónsson, H., Þorsteinsson, V., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the thirteenth language resources and evaluation conference · 2022
Foundational paper for the Icelandic language-model line at the
University of Iceland / Miðeind. Demonstrates that warm-starting a
Transformer encoder from multilingual weights and continuing
pre-training on a carefully cleaned Icelandic web corpus yields
strong downstream performance with far less compute than training
from scratch. The cleaned crawl and the IceBERT model released
alongside the paper became the basis for much of the subsequent
Icelandic NLP work in this collection. LREC 2022.
@inproceedings{snaebjarnarson2022warm,
title={A warm start and a clean crawled corpus-a recipe for good language models},
author={Sn{\ae}bjarnarson, V{\'e}steinn and S{\'\i}monarson, Haukur Barri and Ragnarsson, P{\'e}tur Orri and Ing{\'o}lfsd{\'o}ttir, Svanhv{\'\i}t Lilja and J{\'o}nsson, Haukur and {\TH}orsteinsson, Vilhj{\'a}lmur and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Proceedings of the thirteenth language resources and evaluation conference},
pages={4356--4366},
year={2022}
}
NLP for Icelandic & Germanic
Building an icelandic entity linking corpus
Steinunn Rut Friðriksdóttir, B. G. J., Einarsson, H. · Proceedings of the workshop on dataset creation for lower-resourced languages within the 13th language resources and evaluation conference · 2022
Describes the construction of an Icelandic entity-linking corpus,
detailing annotation guidelines and inter-annotator agreement.
Dataset Creation for Lower-Resourced Languages workshop at LREC 2022.
@inproceedings{steinunn2022building,
title={Building an Icelandic Entity Linking Corpus},
author={Steinunn Rut Fri{\dh}riksd{\'o}ttir, Valdimar {\'A}g{\'u}st Eggertsson, Benedikt Geir J{\'o}hannesson, Hjalti Dan{\'\i}elsson, Hrafn Loftsson, and Hafsteinn Einarsson},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Dataset Creation for Lower-Resourced Languages within the 13th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference},
pages={27--35},
year={2022}
}
Machine learning for the natural sciences
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Temporal aggregation of vision-language features for high-accuracy fish classification in automated monitoring
Silva Martins, J. R., Bárðarson, H., Guðbrandsson, J., Einarsson, H. · Ecological Informatics · 2025
Aggregates temporal vision-language features from underwater video
to classify fish species in automated monitoring streams,
combining per-frame embeddings with temporal pooling to handle the
noise and occlusion that limit frame-by-frame classifiers in
deployed systems. Published in Ecological Informatics (2025) as
part of the lab's ongoing computer-vision work with the Marine
and Freshwater Research Institute.
@article{da2025temporal,
title={Temporal aggregation of vision-language features for high-accuracy fish classification in automated monitoring},
author={da Silva Martins, Jo{\~a}o Rodrigo and B{\'a}r{\dh}arson, Hlynur and Gu{\dh}brandsson, J{\'o}hannes and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Ecological Informatics},
volume={92},
pages={103462},
year={2025},
doi={10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103462},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Multispectral imaging techniques for evaluating physicochemical-, antioxidant, and sensory properties of Alaria esculenta and Saccharina latissima
Hrólfsdóttir, A. Þ., Sigurðardóttir, A. R., Sveinsdóttir, H. I., Arason, S., Schultz, N., Einarsson, H., Gudjónsdóttir, M. · Algal Research · 2025
Uses multispectral imaging to evaluate physicochemical, antioxidant,
and sensory properties of the brown algae Alaria esculenta and
Saccharina latissima. Algal Research.
@article{hrolfsdottir2025multispectral,
title={Multispectral imaging techniques for evaluating physicochemical-, antioxidant, and sensory properties of Alaria esculenta and Saccharina latissima},
author={Hr{\'o}lfsd{\'o}ttir, Anna {\TH}{\'o}ra and Sigur{\dh}ard{\'o}ttir, Andrea Rakel and Sveinsd{\'o}ttir, Hildur Inga and Arason, Sigurj{\'o}n and Schultz, Nette and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Gudj{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, Mar{\'\i}a},
journal={Algal Research},
volume={88},
pages={104009},
year={2025},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Multispectral imaging as a predictive tool for freshness of whole Atlantic cod: Compared with sensory, chemical and microbiological analysis
Sigurðardóttir, A. R., Sveinsdóttir, H. I., Schultz, N., Einarsson, H., Gudjónsdóttir, M. · Applied Food Research · 2025
Multispectral-imaging method for predicting freshness of whole
Atlantic cod, validated against sensory, chemical, and microbiological
reference analyses. Applied Food Research.
@article{sigurdhardottir2025multispectral,
title={Multispectral imaging as a predictive tool for freshness of whole Atlantic cod: Compared with sensory, chemical and microbiological analysis},
author={Sigur{\dh}ard{\'o}ttir, Andrea Rakel and Sveinsd{\'o}ttir, Hildur Inga and Schultz, Nette and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Gudj{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, Mar{\'\i}a},
journal={Applied Food Research},
volume={5},
number={2},
pages={101130},
year={2025},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Sequence segmentation of nematodes in atlantic cod with multispectral imaging data
Sigurðardóttir, A. R., Sveinsdóttir, H. I., Schultz, N., Einarsson, H., Gudjónsdóttir, M. · Foods · 2024
Multispectral-imaging pipeline for sequence segmentation of nematode
parasites in Atlantic cod fillets, intended for industrial quality
control. Foods (MDPI).
@article{sigurdhardottir2024sequence,
title={Sequence Segmentation of Nematodes in Atlantic Cod with Multispectral Imaging Data},
author={Sigur{\dh}ard{\'o}ttir, Andrea Rakel and Sveinsd{\'o}ttir, Hildur Inga and Schultz, Nette and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Gudj{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, Mar{\'\i}a},
journal={Foods},
volume={13},
number={18},
pages={2952},
year={2024},
publisher={MDPI}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Efficient development of gait classification models for five-gaited horses based on mobile phone sensors
Davíðsson, H. B., Rees, T., Ólafsdóttir, M. R., Einarsson, H. · Animals · 2023
Gait-classification models for five-gaited Icelandic horses built
from accelerometer time series recorded by smartphones mounted on
the horse. Uses LSTM and GRU architectures with attention to model
size and on-device inference cost, showing that compact recurrent
models reach near-expert accuracy without specialised hardware.
Published in Animals (MDPI, 2023).
@article{davidhsson2023efficient,
title={Efficient development of gait classification models for five-gaited horses based on mobile phone sensors},
author={Dav{\'\i}{\dh}sson, Haraldur B and Rees, Torben and {\'O}lafsd{\'o}ttir, Marta Rut and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Animals},
volume={13},
number={1},
pages={183},
year={2023},
publisher={MDPI}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Analyzing the effect of the duration of soil warming on subarctic grasslands using high-resolution multispectral images
Hamedpour, A., Sigurdsson, B. D., Peñuelas, J., Filella, I., Einarsson, H., Latré, S., Stefánsson, T. · EGU general assembly conference abstracts · 2023
Conference abstract (EGU General Assembly 2023) analysing the effect
of soil-warming duration on subarctic grasslands using high-resolution
multispectral imagery from the ForHot experimental site in Iceland.
@inproceedings{hamedpour2023analyzing,
title={Analyzing the effect of the duration of soil warming on subarctic grasslands using high-resolution multispectral images},
author={Hamedpour, Amir and Sigurdsson, Bjarni D and Pe{\~n}uelas, Josep and Filella, Iolanda and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Latr{\'e}, Steven and Stef{\'a}nsson, Tryggvi},
booktitle={EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts},
pages={EGU--4408},
year={2023}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Otolith age determination with a simple computer vision based few-shot learning method
Sigurðardóttir, A. R., Sverrisson, Þ., Jónsdóttir, A., Gudjonsdottir, M., Elvarsson, B. Þ., Einarsson, H. · Ecological Informatics · 2023
Few-shot computer-vision method for fish-age determination from
otolith images. The pipeline combines a lightweight feature
extractor with a few-shot classifier, achieving accuracy comparable
to expert age readings while requiring only a handful of labelled
examples per age class. Demonstrated on Atlantic cod otoliths and
designed to lower the cost of routine stock-assessment work at
fisheries laboratories. Published in Ecological Informatics.
@article{sigurdhardottir2023otolith,
title={Otolith age determination with a simple computer vision based few-shot learning method},
author={Sigur{\dh}ard{\'o}ttir, Andrea Rakel and Sverrisson, {\TH}{\'o}r and J{\'o}nsd{\'o}ttir, A{\dh}albj{\"o}rg and Gudjonsdottir, Maria and Elvarsson, Bjarki {\TH}{\'o}r and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Ecological Informatics},
volume={76},
pages={102046},
year={2023},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
Machine Learning · Natural Sciences
Drought response analysis on a geothermally warmed Sub-Arctic grassland ecosystem using multispectral drone images
Hamedpour, A., Sigurdsson, B. D., Penuelas, J., Filella, I., Einarsson, H., Latré, S., Stefánsson, T. · 16th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium · 2022
Conference paper analysing drought response in a geothermally warmed
subarctic grassland using multispectral drone imagery, from the
ForHot site in Iceland. 16th International Circumpolar Remote
Sensing Symposium.
@inproceedings{hamedpour2022drought,
title={Drought response analysis on a geothermally warmed Sub-Arctic grassland ecosystem using multispectral drone images},
author={Hamedpour, Amir and Sigurdsson, Bjarni D and Penuelas, Josep and Filella, Iolanda and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Latr{\'e}, Steven and Stef{\'a}nsson, Tryggvi},
booktitle={16th International Circumpolar Remote Sensing Symposium},
year={2022}
}
Clinical AI and cardiology
Clinical AI
The impact of country income level on the management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an international survey
Ingimarsdóttir, I. J., Saldarriaga, C., Nielsen, N. C., Einarsson, H., Goldfeder, S., Mewton, N., Barasa, A., Basic, C., Oerlemans, M. I., Niederseer, D., others, · ESC Heart Failure · 2026
International survey of how country income level affects HFpEF
management practice, with the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry as
one of the national data sources. ESC Heart Failure.
@article{ingimarsdottir2026impact,
title={The impact of country income level on the management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an international survey},
author={Ingimarsd{\'o}ttir, Inga J and Saldarriaga, Clara and Nielsen, Niels CR and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Goldfeder, Sidney and Mewton, Nathan and Barasa, Anders and Basic, Carmen and Oerlemans, Marish IFJ and Niederseer, David and others},
journal={ESC Heart Failure},
volume={13},
number={1},
pages={xvag031},
year={2026},
publisher={Oxford University Press UK}
}
Clinical AI
Enhancing heart failure care through registries: lessons learned from Nordic Countries’ implementation of guidelines
Myhre, P. L., Lindberg, F., Løgstrup, B. B., Ingimarsdottir, I. J., Vistnes, M., Schjødt, I., Ljungman, C., Savarese, G., Dridi, N. P., Einarsson, H., others, · European Journal of Heart Failure · 2026
Nordic-cohort study of how national heart-failure registries can
enhance guideline-directed care, with contributions from the
Icelandic Heart Failure Registry. European Journal of Heart Failure.
@article{myhre2026enhancing,
title={Enhancing heart failure care through registries: lessons learned from Nordic Countries’ implementation of guidelines},
author={Myhre, Peder L and Lindberg, Felix and L{\o}gstrup, Brian B and Ingimarsdottir, Inga J and Vistnes, Maria and Schj{\o}dt, Inge and Ljungman, Charlotta and Savarese, Gianluigi and Dridi, Nadia P and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and others},
journal={European Journal of Heart Failure},
pages={xuag060},
year={2026},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
Clinical AI
Understanding non-prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy in acute heart failure and advanced kidney disease: a nation-wide study
Olafsdottir, S., Snaedal, S., Einarsson, H., Gunnthorsdottir, I., Vishram-Nielsen, J., Ingimarsdottir, I. · European Journal of Heart Failure · 2026
Nation-wide study of why guideline-directed medical therapy goes
unprescribed in acute heart failure with advanced kidney disease,
using the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry. European Journal of Heart
Failure.
@article{olafsdottir2026understanding,
title={Understanding non-prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy in acute heart failure and advanced kidney disease: a nation-wide study},
author={Olafsdottir, S and Snaedal, S and Einarsson, H and Gunnthorsdottir, I and Vishram-Nielsen, J and Ingimarsdottir, IJ},
journal={European Journal of Heart Failure},
volume={28},
number={Supplement\_2},
pages={xuag193.871},
year={2026},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
Clinical AI
Unravelling ATTR cardiac amyloidosis in iceland: a nationwide epidemiological study
Bergmann, H. M., Úlfarsson, Æ. Ö., Einarsson, H., Jóhannsdóttir, H. X., Gunnarsson, G. T., Hrafnkelsdóttir, T. J., Andersen, K., Ingimarsdóttir, I. J. · Cardiology · 2025
Nationwide epidemiological study of ATTR cardiac amyloidosis in
Iceland, leveraging the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry to estimate
prevalence and characterise the patient population. Cardiology
journal (Karger).
@article{bergmann2025unravelling,
title={Unravelling ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis in Iceland: A Nationwide Epidemiological Study},
author={Bergmann, Hekla Mar{\'\i}a and {\'U}lfarsson, {\AE}var {\"O}rn and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and J{\'o}hannsd{\'o}ttir, Helena Xiang and Gunnarsson, Gunnar Th{\'o}r and Hrafnkelsd{\'o}ttir, Th{\'o}rd{\'\i}s J{\'o}na and Andersen, Karl and Ingimarsd{\'o}ttir, Inga J{\'o}na},
journal={Cardiology},
volume={150},
number={6},
pages={616--626},
year={2025},
publisher={S. Karger AG}
}
Clinical AI
Survival impact of amiodarone therapy in heart failure: insights from the Icelandic Heart Failure registry
Gudjonsson, P., Andersen, K., Einarsson, H., Ingimarsdottir, I. · European Heart Journal · 2025
Conference abstract (European Heart Journal supplement) examining
the survival impact of amiodarone therapy in heart-failure patients
using the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry.
@article{gudjonsson2025survival,
title={Survival impact of amiodarone therapy in heart failure: insights from the Icelandic Heart Failure registry},
author={Gudjonsson, P and Andersen, K and Einarsson, H and Ingimarsdottir, IJ},
journal={European Heart Journal},
volume={46},
number={Supplement\_1},
pages={ehaf784--1285},
year={2025},
publisher={Oxford University Press US}
}
Clinical AI
Differences in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction management between care providers: an international survey
Guidetti, F., Giraldo, C. I. S., Shchendrygina, A., Kida, K., Niederseer, D., Basic, C., Rainer, P. P., Załęska-Kocięcka, M., Ogola, E., Mohty, D., others, · European Journal of Heart Failure · 2025
Co-authored international survey on differences in HFpEF management
between care providers, contributing the Icelandic Heart Failure
Registry data. European Journal of Heart Failure.
@article{guidetti2025differences,
title={Differences in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction management between care providers: an international survey},
author={Guidetti, Federica and Giraldo, Clara Ines Saldarriaga and Shchendrygina, Anastasia and Kida, Keisuke and Niederseer, David and Basic, Carmen and Rainer, Peter P and Za{\l}{\k{e}}ska-Koci{\k{e}}cka, Marta and Ogola, Elijah and Mohty, Dania and others},
journal={European Journal of Heart Failure},
volume={27},
number={2},
pages={198--208},
year={2025},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
Clinical AI
Factors influencing medication adherence in heart failure patients—a survey among cardiac healthcare providers
Gunnthorsdottir, I., Almarsdottir, A. B., Andersen, K., Gunnarsdottir, A. I., Svansdottir, E., Einarsson, H., Ingimarsdottir, I. J. · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · 2025
Survey study of factors that cardiac healthcare providers believe
influence medication adherence in heart-failure patients. Clinical
Pharmacology & Therapeutics.
@article{gunnthorsdottir2025factors,
title={Factors Influencing Medication Adherence in Heart Failure Patients—A Survey Among Cardiac Healthcare Providers},
author={Gunnthorsdottir, Ingibjorg and Almarsdottir, Anna Birna and Andersen, Karl and Gunnarsdottir, Anna I and Svansdottir, Erla and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Ingimarsdottir, Inga Jona},
journal={Clinical Pharmacology \& Therapeutics},
volume={117},
number={4},
pages={1088--1097},
year={2025}
}
Clinical AI
Diagnostic and therapeutic practice for HFpEF across continents and regions: An international survey
Ingimarsdottir, I. J., Vishram-Nielsen, J. K., Einarsson, H., Goldfeder, S., Mewton, N., Barasa, A., Basic, C., Oerlemans, M. I., Niederseer, D., Shchendrygina, A., others, · ESC Heart Failure · 2025
Journal version of the international HFpEF practice survey, with
the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry providing one of the national
data contributions. ESC Heart Failure.
@article{ingimarsdottir2025diagnostic,
title={Diagnostic and therapeutic practice for HFpEF across continents and regions: An international survey},
author={Ingimarsdottir, Inga J and Vishram-Nielsen, Julie KK and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Goldfeder, Sidney and Mewton, Nathan and Barasa, Anders and Basic, Carmen and Oerlemans, Marish IFJ and Niederseer, David and Shchendrygina, Anastasia and others},
journal={ESC Heart Failure},
volume={12},
number={1},
pages={487--496},
year={2025},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
Clinical AI
Factors believed by cardiac care professionals to influence medication adherence in heart failure patients
Gunnthorsdottir, I., Andersen, K., Almarsdottir, A., Gunnarsdottir, A., Svansdottir, E., Einarsson, H., Ingimarsdottir, I. · European journal of heart failure · 2024
Conference abstract (EJHF) on factors believed by cardiac care
professionals to influence medication adherence in heart failure
patients.
@inproceedings{gunnthorsdottir2024factors,
title={Factors believed by cardiac care professionals to influence medication adherence in heart failure patients},
author={Gunnthorsdottir, I and Andersen, K and Almarsdottir, AB and Gunnarsdottir, AI and Svansdottir, E and Einarsson, H and Ingimarsdottir, IJ},
booktitle={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE},
volume={26},
pages={229--230},
year={2024},
organization={WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}
}
Clinical AI
Real-life management of heart failure: evaluation of medication optimisation in different phenotypes
Hauksdottir, H., Einarsson, H., Gunnthorsdottir, I., Gunnarsson, P., Ingimarsdottir, I. · European journal of heart failure · 2024
Conference abstract (EJHF) evaluating real-life medication
optimisation in heart-failure patients across different phenotypes,
using the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry.
@inproceedings{hauksdottir2024real,
title={Real-life management of heart failure: evaluation of medication optimisation in different phenotypes},
author={Hauksdottir, H and Einarsson, H and Gunnthorsdottir, I and Gunnarsson, PS and Ingimarsdottir, IJ},
booktitle={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE},
volume={26},
pages={228--228},
year={2024},
organization={WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}
}
Clinical AI
Applications of BERT models towards automation of clinical coding in icelandic
Hauksson, H. O., Einarsson, H. · Findings of the association for computational linguistics: NAACL 2024 · 2024
Applies BERT-style models to automate ICD-10 clinical coding in
Icelandic hospital records, treating coding as a hierarchical
multi-label classification problem. Combines an Icelandic clinical
pre-training corpus with multi-task fine-tuning and reports
substantial improvements over rule-based and shallow-classifier
baselines. The work was awarded the University of Iceland Science
Award. Published in Findings of NAACL 2024.
@inproceedings{hauksson2024applications,
title={Applications of BERT Models Towards Automation of Clinical Coding in Icelandic},
author={Hauksson, Haraldur Orri and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
booktitle={Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024},
pages={1956--1967},
year={2024}
}
Clinical AI
Diagnostic and therapeutic practice for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction around the world: an international survey
Ingimarsdottir, I., Vishram-Nielsen, J., Einarsson, H., Goldfeder, S., Mewton, N., Barasa, A., Basic, C., Oerlemans, M., Niederseer, D., Gustafsson, F., others, · European journal of heart failure · 2024
Conference abstract (EJHF) of the international HFpEF practice
survey contributing Icelandic registry data.
@inproceedings{ingimarsdottir2024diagnostic,
title={Diagnostic and therapeutic practice for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction around the world: an international survey},
author={Ingimarsdottir, IJ and Vishram-Nielsen, JKK and Einarsson, H and Goldfeder, S and Mewton, N and Barasa, A and Basic, C and Oerlemans, MIFJ and Niederseer, D and Gustafsson, F and others},
booktitle={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE},
volume={26},
pages={133--134},
year={2024},
organization={WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}
}
Clinical AI
The Icelandic Heart Failure Registry—A nationwide assessment tool for HF care and intervention in HF treatment
Ingimarsdóttir, I. J., Hansen, J. S., Bergmann, H. M., Einarsson, H. · ESC Heart Failure · 2024
Describes the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry as a nationwide tool
for assessing heart-failure care and tracking treatment
interventions. ESC Heart Failure.
@article{ingimarsdottir2024icelandic,
title={The Icelandic Heart Failure Registry—A nationwide assessment tool for HF care and intervention in HF treatment},
author={Ingimarsd{\'o}ttir, Inga J{\'o}na and Hansen, Johan Sindri and Bergmann, Hekla Mar{\'\i}a and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={ESC Heart Failure},
volume={11},
number={6},
pages={4081--4091},
year={2024},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
Clinical AI
Diagnostic and therapeutic practice for Heart Failure with preserved ejection fraction around the world: An international survey
Saldarriaga, C., Gracia, S. S. G., Mejia, M. I. P., Shchendrygina, A., Kida, K., Fauvel, C., Zaleska-Kociecka, M., Mapelli, M., Einarsson, H., Guidetti, F., others, · Current problems in cardiology · 2024
Co-authored international survey of diagnostic and therapeutic
practice for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF),
contributing the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry data. Current
Problems in Cardiology / EJHF (a related conference abstract shares
the same citation key).
@inproceedings{saldarriaga2024diagnostic,
title={Diagnostic and therapeutic practices for Heart Failure with preserved ejection fraction around the world: an international survey},
author={Saldarriaga, CI and Ines, Clara and Goldfeder, S and Palacio, MI and Shchendrygina, A and Guidetti, F and Vishram-Nielsen, J and Ingimarsdottir, I and Einarsson, H and Kida, K and others},
booktitle={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE},
volume={26},
pages={50--50},
year={2024},
organization={WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}
}
Clinical AI
Diagnostic and therapeutic practices for Heart Failure with preserved ejection fraction around the world: an international survey
Saldarriaga, C., Ines, C., Goldfeder, S., Palacio, M., Shchendrygina, A., Guidetti, F., Vishram-Nielsen, J., Ingimarsdottir, I., Einarsson, H., Kida, K., others, · European journal of heart failure · 2024
Co-authored international survey of diagnostic and therapeutic
practice for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF),
contributing the Icelandic Heart Failure Registry data. Current
Problems in Cardiology / EJHF (a related conference abstract shares
the same citation key).
@inproceedings{saldarriaga2024diagnostic,
title={Diagnostic and therapeutic practices for Heart Failure with preserved ejection fraction around the world: an international survey},
author={Saldarriaga, CI and Ines, Clara and Goldfeder, S and Palacio, MI and Shchendrygina, A and Guidetti, F and Vishram-Nielsen, J and Ingimarsdottir, I and Einarsson, H and Kida, K and others},
booktitle={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE},
volume={26},
pages={50--50},
year={2024},
organization={WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}
}
Clinical AI
Epidemiology of acute heart failure admissions in Iceland: phenotype distribution and prognostic implications
Agnarsson, H., Hansen, J., Gunnarsson, D., Einarsson, H., Gunnthorsdottir, I., Ingimarsdottir, I. · European heart journal · 2023
Conference abstract (European Heart Journal supplement) on the
epidemiology of acute heart failure admissions in Iceland, examining
phenotype distribution and prognostic implications using national
registry data.
@article{agnarsson2023epidemiology,
title={Epidemiology of acute heart failure admissions in Iceland: phenotype distribution and prognostic implications},
author={Agnarsson, HR and Hansen, JS and Gunnarsson, DA and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Gunnthorsdottir, I and Ingimarsdottir, I},
journal={European heart journal},
volume={44},
number={Supplement\_2},
pages={ehad655--862},
year={2023},
publisher={Oxford University Press US}
}
Clinical AI
Acute heart failure: causes and outcomes by stages of chronic kidney disease and heartfailure phenotypes
Gunnarsson, D. Á., Ingimarsdóttir, I. J., Einarsson, H., Snædal, S. · ESC heart failure 2023 · 2023
Conference abstract (ESC Heart Failure 2023) on causes and outcomes
of acute heart failure stratified by chronic kidney disease stage
and heart-failure phenotype, using the Icelandic Heart Failure
Registry.
@inproceedings{gunnarsson2023acute,
title={Acute heart failure: causes and outcomes by stages of chronic kidney disease and heartfailure phenotypes},
author={Gunnarsson, Dav{\'\i}d {\'A}s and Ingimarsd{\'o}ttir, Inga J{\'o}na and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Sn{\ae}dal, Sunna},
booktitle={ESC Heart failure 2023},
year={2023}
}
Human genetics and computational biology
Genetics
Variant in a taste receptor locus tied to changes in the use of insomnia medication
Einarsson, G., Arnason, H. K., Gisladottir, R. S., Bjornsdottir, G., Thorgeirsson, T. E., Skuladottir, A., Walters, G. B., Saevarsdottir, S., Magnusson, M. K., Halldorsson, G. H., others, · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · 2025
deCODE-led study linking a variant at a taste-receptor locus to
changes in the use of insomnia medication. Biological Psychiatry
Global Open Science.
@article{einarsson2025variant,
title={Variant in a taste receptor locus tied to changes in the use of insomnia medication},
author={Einarsson, Gudmundur and Arnason, Hannes K and Gisladottir, Rosa S and Bjornsdottir, Gyda and Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E and Skuladottir, Astros and Walters, G Bragi and Saevarsdottir, Saedis and Magnusson, Magnus K and Halldorsson, Gisli H and others},
journal={Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science},
pages={100652},
year={2025},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
Genetics
Sequence variants associated with BMI affect disease risk through BMI itself
deCODE-led genome-wide study (Nature Communications 2024) showing
that sequence variants associated with body mass index influence
downstream disease risk primarily through BMI itself, rather than
via independent pleiotropic effects. Uses Mendelian-randomisation
and stratified-association analyses across the Icelandic
population. Among the few Nature Communications papers in the
collection.
@article{einarsson2024sequence,
title={Sequence variants associated with BMI affect disease risk through BMI itself},
author={Einarsson, Gudmundur and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and Zink, Florian and Helgason, Hannes and Olafsdottir, Thorhildur and Rognvaldsson, Solvi and Tragante, Vinicius and Ulfarsson, Magnus O and Sveinbjornsson, Gardar and others},
journal={Nature Communications},
volume={15},
number={1},
pages={9335},
year={2024},
publisher={Nature Publishing Group UK London}
}
Genetics
Variants at the interleukin 1 gene locus and pericarditis
Thorolfsdottir, R. B., Jonsdottir, A. B., Sveinbjornsson, G., Aegisdottir, H. M., Oddsson, A., Stefansson, O. A., Halldorsson, G. H., Saevarsdottir, S., Thorleifsson, G., Stefansdottir, L., others, · JAMA cardiology · 2024
deCODE-style genome-wide association study linking variants at the
interleukin 1 gene locus to pericarditis risk. JAMA Cardiology 2024.
@article{thorolfsdottir2024variants,
title={Variants at the interleukin 1 gene locus and pericarditis},
author={Thorolfsdottir, Rosa B and Jonsdottir, Andrea B and Sveinbjornsson, Gardar and Aegisdottir, Hildur M and Oddsson, Asmundur and Stefansson, Olafur A and Halldorsson, Gisli H and Saevarsdottir, Saedis and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Stefansdottir, Lilja and others},
journal={JAMA cardiology},
volume={9},
number={2},
pages={165--172},
year={2024}
}
Computational neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience
A hippocampal model for behavioral time acquisition and fast bidirectional replay of spatio-temporal memory sequences
Matheus Gauy, M., Lengler, J., Einarsson, H., Meier, F., Weissenberger, F., Yanik, M. F., Steger, A. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018
Presents a hippocampal model for behavioral time acquisition and
fast bidirectional replay of spatio-temporal memory sequences.
Frontiers in Neuroscience.
@article{matheus2018hippocampal,
title={A hippocampal model for behavioral time acquisition and fast bidirectional replay of spatio-temporal memory sequences},
author={Matheus Gauy, Marcelo and Lengler, Johannes and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Meier, Florian and Weissenberger, Felix and Yanik, Mehmet Fatih and Steger, Angelika},
journal={Frontiers in neuroscience},
volume={12},
pages={961},
year={2018},
publisher={Frontiers Media SA}
}
Computational Neuroscience
On the origin of lognormal network synchrony in CA1
Weissenberger, F., Einarsson, H., Matheus Gauy, M., Meier, F., Mujika, A., Lengler, J., Steger, A. · Hippocampus · 2018
Investigates the origin of lognormal network synchrony in CA1,
relating heavy-tailed firing distributions to recurrent network
structure. Hippocampus journal.
@article{weissenberger2018origin,
title={On the origin of lognormal network synchrony in CA1},
author={Weissenberger, Felix and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Matheus Gauy, Marcelo and Meier, Florian and Mujika, Asier and Lengler, Johannes and Steger, Angelika},
journal={Hippocampus},
volume={28},
number={11},
pages={824--837},
year={2018},
publisher={John Wiley \& Sons, Inc. Hoboken, USA}
}
Computational Neuroscience
Fast emergence of neural structures
Einarsson, H. · ETH Zurich · 2017
PhD thesis (ETH Zurich) on the fast emergence of neural structures.
Develops mathematical models of how cortical assemblies, synfire
chains, and other functional structures can self-organise rapidly
from spiking dynamics and local plasticity rules.
A model of fast hebbian spike latency normalization
Einarsson, H., Gauy, M. M., Lengler, J., Steger, A. · Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2017
Proposes a model of fast Hebbian spike-latency normalization, in
which timing-dependent plasticity rapidly equalises spike latencies
across a population. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience.
@article{einarsson2017model,
title={A Model of Fast Hebbian Spike Latency Normalization},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Gauy, Marcelo M and Lengler, Johannes and Steger, Angelika},
journal={Frontiers in computational neuroscience},
volume={11},
pages={33},
year={2017},
publisher={Frontiers Media SA}
}
Computational Neuroscience
Long synfire chains emerge by spike-timing dependent plasticity modulated by population activity
Weissenberger, F., Meier, F., Lengler, J., Einarsson, H., Steger, A. · International journal of neural systems · 2017
Shows that long synfire chains can emerge from spike-timing dependent
plasticity modulated by population activity, providing a mechanistic
account of stable sequence representations. International Journal of
Neural Systems.
@article{weissenberger2017long,
title={Long synfire chains emerge by spike-timing dependent plasticity modulated by population activity},
author={Weissenberger, Felix and Meier, Florian and Lengler, Johannes and Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Steger, Angelika},
journal={International journal of neural systems},
volume={27},
number={08},
pages={1750044},
year={2017},
publisher={World Scientific Publishing Company}
}
Computational Neuroscience
A high-capacity model for one shot association learning in the brain
Einarsson, H., Lengler, J., Steger, A. · Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2014
A high-capacity model for one-shot associative learning in cortical
networks, showing how sparse-coding regimes extend the classical
Hopfield capacity bound. Published in Frontiers in Computational
Neuroscience.
@article{einarsson2014high,
title={A high-capacity model for one shot association learning in the brain},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Lengler, Johannes and Steger, Angelika},
journal={Frontiers in computational neuroscience},
volume={8},
pages={140},
year={2014},
publisher={Frontiers Media SA}
}
Discrete mathematics and probabilistic combinatorics
Discrete Mathematics
Bootstrap percolation with inhibition
Einarsson, H., Lengler, J., Mousset, F., Panagiotou, K., Steger, A. · Random Structures & Algorithms · 2019
Studies bootstrap percolation on random graphs in the presence of
inhibitory vertices, a generalisation of the classical activation
cascade model motivated by cortical excitation-inhibition balance.
Introduces a probabilistic framework that captures how the addition
of inhibition shifts the activation threshold and the size of the
final active set. Published in Random Structures & Algorithms, a
premier journal in probabilistic combinatorics; one of the key
results of the author's PhD.
@article{einarsson2019bootstrap,
title={Bootstrap percolation with inhibition},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Lengler, Johannes and Mousset, Frank and Panagiotou, Konstantinos and Steger, Angelika},
journal={Random Structures \& Algorithms},
volume={55},
number={4},
pages={881--925},
year={2019},
publisher={John Wiley \& Sons, Inc. New York}
}
Discrete Mathematics
The linear hidden subset problem for the (1+ 1) EA with scheduled and adaptive mutation rates
Einarsson, H., Lengler, J., Gauy, M. M., Meier, F., Mujika, A., Steger, A., Weissenberger, F. · Proceedings of the genetic and evolutionary computation conference · 2018
Analyses the (1+1) evolutionary algorithm on the linear hidden subset
problem with scheduled and adaptive mutation rates. GECCO 2018
proceedings.
@inproceedings{einarsson2018linear,
title={The linear hidden subset problem for the (1+ 1) EA with scheduled and adaptive mutation rates},
author={Einarsson, Hafsteinn and Lengler, Johannes and Gauy, Marcelo Matheus and Meier, Florian and Mujika, Asier and Steger, Angelika and Weissenberger, Felix},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference},
pages={1491--1498},
year={2018}
}
Discrete Mathematics
Connectivity thresholds for bounded size rules
Lengler, J., Mousset, F., Panagiotou, K., Steger, A., Einarsson, H. · Annals of Applied Probability · 2016
Establishes connectivity thresholds for bounded-size rules in random
graph processes, a contribution to the theory of Achlioptas-style
edge-selection processes. Annals of Applied Probability.
@article{lengler2016connectivity,
title={Connectivity thresholds for bounded size rules},
author={Lengler, Johannes and Mousset, Frank and Panagiotou, Konstantinos and Steger, Angelika and Einarsson, Hafsteinn},
journal={Annals of Applied Probability},
year={2016},
publisher={Institute of Mathematical Statistics}
}